Law of Contract: Consideration (Sharciga Heshiisyada: Tixgelinta)

Hordhac

Tixgelintu (Consideration) waa mid ka mid ah tiirarka aasaasiga ah ee heshiisyada sharci. Heshiis kasta oo aan lahayn tixgelin sharci ah waxaa loo arkaa heshiis aan waxba ka jirin (void agreement). Sida ku cad Contracts Act 1950, qodobka 2(d):

“Marka rabitaanka ballanqaadaha, qofka ballanqaadka qaata ama qof kale uu sameeyo ama ka fogaado samaynta wax, ama uu ballanqaado inuu sameeyo ama ka fogaado samaynta wax, ficilkaas ama ka fogaanshahaas waxaa loo yaqaan tixgelinta ballanqaadka.”

Sidaas awgeed, tixgelintu waa qiimaha aad bixiso si aad u hesho ballanqaadka qof kale.

Tusaale Aasaasi ah

Haddii aad ku lumiso taleefoonkaaga tareen dhexdiisa oo aad ku dhawaaqdo abaalmarin $100 qofkii soo celiyo, qof A ayaa soo helay oo kuu soo celiyay. Adiga waxa kugu waajib ah bixinta $100, halka ficilka A ee soo celinta taleefoonka uu yahay tixgelinta sharci.

Kala Soocidda Tixgelinta (Types of Consideration)

Tixgelinta waxaa loo kala saaraa:

1. Executory Consideration (Tixgelin fulin-dooneed)

Tani waa marka ballan lagu beddelo ballan kale.

Tusaale: Waxaad ku heshiisay inaad ku iibiso B mashiin $2000. Ballanqaadka B ee bixinta lacagta waa tixgelinta ballanqaadkaaga iibinta, halka ballanqaadkaaga iibinta uu yahay tixgelinta ballanqaadka B.

2. Executed Consideration (Tixgelin la fuliyay)

Tani waa marka ballan lagu beddelo ficil la fuliyay.

Tusaale: Waxaad ku dhawaaqday abaalmarin $100 qof kasta oo soo celiyo saacadda luntay. C ayaa soo celiyay, ficilkaas ayaa noqday tixgelinta.

3. Past Consideration (Tixgelin hore)

Tani waa marka ballan lagu bixiyo ficil hore loo qabtay.

Tusaale: D ayaa hore kuu soo celiyay silsilad kaa luntay, kadibna adigu waxaad ballanqaadday inaad siiso $100. Ballanqaadkaaga wuxuu ku saleysan yahay tixgelin hore.

Gunaanad

Tixgelintu waa mabda’ muhiim u ah dhismaha heshiisyada sharci. Waxay noqon kartaa fulin-dooneed, la fuliyay, ama hore, iyadoo dhammaantood ay leeyihiin qiimo sharciyeed oo lagu aqoonsado heshiiska inuu yahay mid sax ah.

✍️ Qore: Avv. Abdirizak Haji Omar (Ifiye)

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